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The archetype reading

Which characters does your brand carry

Before the name, before the price, a stranger has already placed your brand among characters they have always known. Twelve questions find which.

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Archetypes are recognizable character types or patterns

Archetypes appear across stories, cultures, and brands

Each answers one of four needs: to find paradise, to leave a mark, to give structure, to pursue connection

Where the idea comes from

An old word, a young method

Plato called them forms, Jung called them archetypes, branding gave them twelve names

Carl Jung first wrote the word in 1919, in a paper on instinct. He traced it back through Philo of Alexandria, the Church Fathers and the Corpus Hermeticum to Plato’s eidos, the pattern a thing is copied from. In 2001 Margaret Mark and Carol Pearson, after a decade of brand research at Young & Rubicam, sorted the characters that kept appearing into twelve, in four groups of need. In 2023 a team at Imperial College London read the communications of more than 2,400 brands and found that strong ones rarely carry one character: most carry two or three

Sources at the end of the page

Find paradise

Innocent

Keeps it simple, and keeps its word

The morning before anything has gone wrong. Jung's paradise, the goal of our longing for redemption

Dove, Innocent Drinks

01 / 12

Find paradise

Explorer

Goes where the map stops

The departure. Life as a flux, a flowing into the future, not a stoppage

Patagonia, The North Face

02 / 12

Find paradise

Sage

Understands first, then says it plainly

The wise old man, the archetype of meaning. To ask the right question is already half the solution

The Economist, Google

03 / 12

Leave a mark

Hero

Proves it by doing it

The sun in its course: the trial, the descent and the return

Nike, FedEx

04 / 12

Leave a mark

Outlaw

Breaks what deserves breaking

The counter-tendency Jung found in the trickster: the shadow kept alive, the old river-bed where water still flows

Harley-Davidson, Diesel

05 / 12

Leave a mark

Magician

Makes it happen in front of you

Rebirth as renewal: a new form within the span of a single life

Disney, Dyson

06 / 12

Give structure

Caregiver

Looks after you before you ask

The mother archetype: all that cherishes and sustains, that fosters growth

Volvo, Pampers

07 / 12

Give structure

Creator

Makes something that lasts, and signs it

The maker's hand. The archetype takes its colour from the one who carries it

LEGO, Moleskine

08 / 12

Give structure

Ruler

Sets the standard and holds it

The circle that protects: the mandala, order against chaos

Mercedes-Benz, Rolex

09 / 12

Pursue connection

Everyman

Belongs, and makes room

Common to all. Jung's phrase for the archetypes themselves

IKEA, Levi's

10 / 12

Pursue connection

Lover

Is close, and chosen

The anima: the figure that draws us toward relation

Chanel, Godiva

11 / 12

Pursue connection

Jester

Lives with delight

The trickster as delight-maker: play that turns the meaningless into the meaningful

M&M's, Duolingo

12 / 12

What you will know in two minutes

Which character your brand opens with, which one keeps people, and which one it is missing

The one that opens

The character a stranger meets first. It decides whether they look closer.

The one that keeps

The second character, where loyalty lives. Strong brands carry two or three; fewer than two in a hundred hold to one.

The one you are missing

Jung’s shadow, the face a brand covers. Named as your counterweight: what to borrow when the story needs depth.

01 / 12

Jung: the mirror does not flatter, it shows whatever looks into it.

Someone meets your brand for the first time. What do they notice

Answer for the brand, not for yourself

Sources

  1. C. G. Jung, Instinct and the Unconscious, British Journal of Psychology, 1919. The paper in which Jung first used the word archetype for what he had earlier called primordial images. doi 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1919.tb00003.x
  2. C. G. Jung, The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious, Collected Works volume 9, part 1, translated by R. F. C. Hull, Princeton University Press. The first essay, Archetypes of the Collective Unconscious, was given at Eranos in 1934 and revised in 1954; paragraph 5 traces the word through Philo, Irenaeus, the Corpus Hermeticum and Dionysius the Areopagite to the Platonic eidos; paragraph 6 says the archetype takes its colour from the individual consciousness in which it appears. The lines under each archetype on this page follow this volume, including the essays on the mother, rebirth, the child and the trickster
  3. Margaret Mark and Carol S. Pearson, The Hero and the Outlaw: Building Extraordinary Brands Through the Power of Archetypes, McGraw-Hill, 2001. The twelve archetypes used in branding, in four groups by the need they answer. Our four names for the groups are our own wording of theirs
  4. Omar Merlo, Andreas B. Eisingerich, Richard Gillingwater and Jia Jocelyn Cao, Exploring the changing role of brand archetypes in customer-brand relationships: Why try to be a hero when your brand can be more?, Business Horizons 66 (5), 2023, pages 615 to 629. More than 2,400 brands and 14,527 brand images, coded by five experts over three years; fewer than 2% of the brands evoked a single archetype consistently, and most evoked two or three. doi 10.1016/j.bushor.2022.11.001
  5. Stephen T. F. Poon, Designing the Brand Archetype: Examining the Role of Jungian Collective Unconscious in the Creative Customisation of Brands, International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 3 (6), 2016, pages 2228 to 2239. doi 10.18535/ijsshi/v3i6.6

The reading finds the characters a brand opens with, keeps people with and is missing. It is a starting point for the work, not a diagnosis of the brand or of anyone in it